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Octapeptin has strong antibacterial activity against Gram-negative bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Acinetobacter baumannii, while it also has activity against some Gram-positive bacteria. This study used natural octapeptin A3 and B3 as lead compounds for structural modification. Twenty-one peptide derivatives (including A3 and B3) containing eight amino acid residues were prepared by solid-phase synthesis, and evaluated for antibacterial activity and renal cytotoxicity. Among them, three compounds 6, 7 and 17 exhibited broad-spectrum antibacterial activity and significantly enhanced the activity for Gram-positive bacteria while maintaining the activity of Gram-negative bacteria. Several compounds improved the activity for Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Compound 7 was active against all test strains and had relatively low renal cytotoxicity. The results provide a basis for the further development of novel polypeptide antibiotics.
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Objective To evaluate and analyze the effects between with modified Forsus appliance and activator in the treatment of class Ⅱ madibular retrusion.Methods 70 children with class Ⅱ malocclusion and mandibular retrusion were selected and divided into two groups:35 patients treated with this modified Forsus appliance (group A) and other 35 treated with activator (group B).Cephalometric radiographs were taken and analyzed at the pre-treatment time (T0) and the post-treatment time (T1) with the Pancherz analysis.Results The course of treatment was obviously different:the course of group A was (21.4±2.0) months,and group B was (27.3±2.5) months; the treatment course of group A was shorter than that of group B.After treatment,profiles of the two groups were obviously improved.The trends were similar in overjet and the molar relationship,SNB and ANB,with significant differences.But there was no significant difference between the results of the two groups.The change of occlusal plane was notably in group B.Conclusions Both the modified Forsus appliance and activator appliance combined with straight wire appliance can effectively stimulate the mandibular growth,balance the jaw relationship,and correct the class Ⅱ mandibular retrusion.But the modified Forsus appliance can effectively treat the class Ⅱ patients with the shorter course.And the same time,it can take effect continually without depending on the coordination of the patients.
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Objective To explore the method to correct nasal deformity of the bilateral complete cleft lip and to eveluate the benefits of this teachnique.Methods Sixteen patients with the bilateral complete cleft lip were consecutively chosen to correct the nasal deformity of the bilateral complete cleft lip.We performed an open approach to facilitate alar cartilage manipulation while repairing the bilateral complete cleft lip,and elevated the prolabial flap for reconstructing the continuity of orbicularis oris musele artery by anatomizing and protecting the prolabial-columellar artery.Nasal columella length and wideth,nasal wideth,ratio of nasal length to face length,ratio of nasal wideth to the distence of nasolabial angle were analyzed after a minimum of 10 years after surgery.These were compared with those in a normal,age-matched control group.Results Appreance of nose and lip of 16 patients after surgery were satisfying and long-term results were good by following-up for 10 years.Columellar length and ratio of nasal length to face length were not significantly different from that of the control group.Nasal wideth,columella wideth,tip projetion and nasolabial angle were all significantly greater in the cleft group than the normal (P＜0.05).Conclusions Prolabial flap manipulation is a safe approach by using anatomizing the columellar-labial artery.This teachnique is effective and yields good long-term results.
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ObjectiveTo evaluate the effects of modified interocclusal lip arch appliance in correcting primary dentition functional crossbite.Methods Twenty children with functional crossbite were selected and treated with this new method.Cephalometric radiographs were taken and analyzed at the pre-treatment time (T1) and the post-treatment time (T2).Students't-test was used to determine if there were significant differences between the 2 time periods.ResultsSNA increased by (0.35 ±1.12)°,SNB decreased by (2.53±0.91)°,and ANB increased by (2.88± 2.24)°.Ns-Sn-Pos increased by (3.32±2.14)°,Ns-Prm-Pos decreased by (3.46±2.63)°.All of the anterior crossbites were corrected and the profiles were improved satisfactorily.Conclusions Modified interocclusal lip arch appliance is a clinically effective method for correcting primary dentition functional crossbite,balancing anteroposterior jaw relationship,and improving the face profile.
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Objective To evaluate the effects of multiloop edgewise arch wire(MEAW)technique combined with rapid maxillary expansion(RME)in correcting skeletal crossbite young adults with mandibular deviation.Methods 9 young adults with skeletal class Ⅲ malocclusion and mandibular deviation were selected(4 males,5 females,aged from 16.2-18.8 years).They were all corrected with RME and MEAW techniques.Cephalometric radiographs were taken and analyzed at the pretreatment(T1)and post-treatment(T2).Students't-test was used to determine if there were significant differences between the 2 time periods.Results SNA increased by(1.4+1.7)°,SNB decreased by(0.7+0.9)°,and ANB increased by(2.1+0.9)°;U1-SN increased by(2.7+3.7)°and L1-MP decreased by(5.4+2.9)°.MP-SN and Mp-FH increased by(1.9+2.0)°and(1.1+2.6)°respectively,neither of which had significant difference.Maz-Maz' increased by(2.6+2.8)mm,while Um-Um'increased by(6.2+5.9)mm.The latter had significant difference.△Cd-Me and △Cd-Go decreased by (3.7+2.1)mm and(2.8+1.6)mm respectively;while ManDP-MSL and Me-MSL decreased by (3.8+2.3)mmand(3.6+2.5)mm,respectively.All of them had significant differences.Conclusion MEAW technique combined with RME is a clinically effective method for correcting adults with mild and moderate skeletal crossbite and mandibular deviation.
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Objective To develop a new method for correction of the deformity of the complete bilateral cleft lip with short pre-lip. Methods Two specimens with the complete bilateral cleft lip was chosen to investigate the arterial supply to the pre-lip. The arteries were observed by radiography when the specimen was infused with lead oxide. 16 patients with the complete bilateral cleft lip and shortage in the length of pre-lip were enrolled in this study. Taking advantage of the unique character of arterial supply of complete bilateral cleft lip, those with short pre-lip were corrected. Photos of them were taken when preand post-operation for further measurement. And more than 1 year following-up was conducted to judge if the results were good enough or not. 30 babies were chosen as a control group to confirm the results of surgury objectively. Results Post nasal septal arteries were found to supply the pre-lip of the bilateral complete cleft lip. Appearance of 16 patients was good after surgery or 1 years later. There was no statistical significant difference between the patients and control group in the measurement data but nasal-lip angle. Conclusion It is an effective way to correct deformity of the bilateral cleft lip with short pre-lip by taking advantage of post nasal septal arterie's flap.
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Objective: To investigate hard tissue changes produced by maxillary protraction in patients with skeletal Class III malocclusion at different bone age,and to determine the relationship between the effect of maxillary protraction and bone age.Methods:75 subjects of skeletal Class III malocclusion with retruded maxilla were treated by maxillary protraction and rapid maxillary expansion for 6 months.Cephalometric radiographs were taken before and after treatment.The bone age of individual patients was assessed using cephalometric radiographs at the initiation of treatment on the basis of cervical vertebrace maturation indicators(CVMI).Patients were divided into three groups:Prepubertal growth peak group (CVMI Ⅰ-Ⅱ,8.2-11.3 years old), pubertal growth peak group (CVMI Ⅲ,10.2-12.3 yeasr old), and postpubertal growth peak group (CVMI Ⅳ-Ⅵ,11.5-14.5 years old).Results:(1)There was no difference in the maxillary advancement after maxillary protraction between the prepubertal growth peak and the pubertal growth peak groups;(2) in the postpubertal growth peak group, there was a decrease in maxillary skeletal advancement, whereas the dentoalveolar advancement was increased; (3) the posteroinferior rotation of mandible, the increase of lower facial height, and the eruption of maxillary molars showed no correlation with bone age.Conclusion:The importance of performing a biologic evaluation of bone age in the diagnosis and treatment planning of skeletal Class III malocclusions in individual patients must be emphasized.